ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents extracted from the whole plants of Swertia cincta Burk. and their antagonistic effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: The compounds were isolated by various chromatographic methods including silica gel, reverse silica gel, RP-HPLC, Sephadex LH-20, preparative TLC, and so on. Their structures were i-dentified by extensive analysis of the spectroscopic data. Experimental prostatic hyperplasia was produced in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by testosterone injection for 28d, and then the prostate index(PI) was measured. RESULTS: Eleven compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Swertia cincta Burk. and identified as swertiamarin(1), (R)-(-)-gentiopicroside(2), sweroside(3), 6'-O-β-D-glucopyranosylsweroside(4), 6'-O-β-Z)-glucopyranosylgentiopicroside(5), loganic acid(6), oleanolic acid(7), 2α, 3β-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oicacid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), β-daucosterol (9), 4-hydroxyl-3, 5-dimethoxyl-6-O-β-D-glu-cosebenzene(10), and isoorientin (11). Swertiamarin significantly decreased PI in SD rats. CONCLUSION: Compounds 5 and 8 were isolated irom the plants of Swertia cincta for the first time. Compound 1 has favorable effect for inhibiting prostatic hyperplasia in SD rats.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)and nervous nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in rats during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) and study if change will be happen in subgroup between eNOS and nNOS during earlier period of CI/R.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 60 Wistar rats weighting 200-280 g, supplied by Animal Center of China Medical University, were divided into 6 groups (n=10) (sham operation group; ischemia 1 h, 2 h group; reperfusion 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h group). Female and male was half-and-half. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by a 2-hour suture occlusion of the unilateral middle cerebral artery, immediately after suture withdrawal to allow reperfusion, eNOS and nNOS expressions were examined by the method of immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>eNOS expressions increased in 1-hour during ischemia, keeping up with decreasing until reperfusion 2-hour. While nNOS expressions increased in 2-hour between ischemia and reperfusion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Changes of expression between eNOS and nNOS in rats during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion are different. This may be related with ischemia and reperfusion injury.</p>